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# Examples
- [Bun](#bun)
- [C# - NuGet](#c---nuget)
- [Clojure - Lein Deps](#clojure---lein-deps)
- [D - DUB](#d---dub)
- [POSIX](#posix)
- [Windows](#windows)
- [Deno](#deno)
- [Linux](#linux)
- [macOS](#macos)
- [Windows](#windows-1)
- [Elixir - Mix](#elixir---mix)
- [Erlang - Rebar3](#erlang--rebar3)
- [Go - Modules](#go---modules)
- [Linux](#linux-1)
- [macOS](#macos-1)
- [Windows](#windows-2)
- [Haskell - Cabal](#haskell---cabal)
- [Haskell - Stack](#haskell---stack)
- [Java - Gradle](#java---gradle)
- [Java - Maven](#java---maven)
- [Node - npm](#node---npm)
- [Node - Lerna](#node---lerna)
- [Node - Yarn](#node---yarn)
- [Node - Yarn 2](#node---yarn-2)
- [OCaml/Reason - esy](#ocamlreason---esy)
- [PHP - Composer](#php---composer)
- [Python - pip](#python---pip)
- [Simple example](#simple-example)
- [Multiple OS's in a workflow](#multiple-oss-in-a-workflow)
- [Multiple OS's in a workflow with a matrix](#multiple-oss-in-a-workflow-with-a-matrix)
- [Using pip to get cache location](#using-pip-to-get-cache-location)
- [Python - pipenv](#python---pipenv)
- [R - renv](#r---renv)
- [Ruby - Bundler](#ruby---bundler)
- [Rust - Cargo](#rust---cargo)
- [Scala - SBT](#scala---sbt)
- [Swift, Objective-C - Carthage](#swift-objective-c---carthage)
- [Swift, Objective-C - CocoaPods](#swift-objective-c---cocoapods)
- [Swift - Swift Package Manager](#swift---swift-package-manager)
- [Swift - Mint](#swift---mint)
- [* - Bazel](#---bazel)
## Bun
- [Google Cloud Storage Cache](#google-cloud-storage-cache)
- [Basic Example](#basic-example)
- [Separate Restore/Save Actions](#separate-restoresave-actions)
- [Advanced GCS Cache Examples](#advanced-gcs-cache-examples)
- [Cross-Repository Caching](#cross-repository-caching)
- [Using Workload Identity Federation](#using-workload-identity-federation-recommended-for-production)
- [Language-Specific Caching Examples](#language-specific-caching-examples)
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.bun/install/cache
key: ${{ runner.os }}-bun-${{ hashFiles('**/bun.lockb') }}
```
## Google Cloud Storage Cache
### Windows
Using Google Cloud Storage (GCS) as a cache backend provides several advantages:
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~\.bun
key: ${{ runner.os }}-bun-${{ hashFiles('**/bun.lockb') }}
```
- **Larger storage**: Store caches beyond GitHub's 10GB repository limit
- **Cross-repository access**: Share caches between different repositories
- **Custom retention**: Control cache lifecycle with GCS retention policies
- **Fallback mechanism**: Automatically falls back to GitHub cache if GCS is unavailable
## C# - NuGet
The following examples show how to configure GCS caching in your workflows.
Using [NuGet lock files](https://docs.microsoft.com/nuget/consume-packages/package-references-in-project-files#locking-dependencies):
### Basic Example
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ~/.nuget/packages
key: ${{ runner.os }}-nuget-${{ hashFiles('**/packages.lock.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-nuget-
```
Depending on the environment, huge packages might be pre-installed in the global cache folder.
With `actions/cache@v4` you can now exclude unwanted packages with [exclude pattern](https://github.com/actions/toolkit/tree/main/packages/glob#exclude-patterns)
name: Build with GCS Cache
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.nuget/packages
!~/.nuget/packages/unwanted
key: ${{ runner.os }}-nuget-${{ hashFiles('**/packages.lock.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-nuget-
```
on: push
Or you could move the cache folder like below.
> **Note** This workflow does not work for projects that require files to be placed in user profile package folder
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
```yaml
env:
NUGET_PACKAGES: ${{ github.workspace }}/.nuget/packages
steps:
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.nuget/packages
key: ${{ runner.os }}-nuget-${{ hashFiles('**/packages.lock.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-nuget-
```
permissions:
contents: 'read'
id-token: 'write' # Required for GCP workload identity federation
## Clojure - Lein Deps
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
```yaml
- name: Cache lein project dependencies
uses: actions/cache@v4
# Set up Google Cloud authentication
- id: auth
uses: google-github-actions/auth@v2
with:
path: ~/.m2/repository
key: ${{ runner.os }}-clojure-${{ hashFiles('**/project.clj') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-clojure
```
# Using Service Account Key JSON
credentials_json: ${{ secrets.GCP_CREDENTIALS }}
## D - DUB
# Alternatively, use Workload Identity Federation (more secure)
# workload_identity_provider: ${{ secrets.WIF_PROVIDER }}
# service_account: ${{ secrets.WIF_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
### POSIX
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
- name: Cache Dependencies
id: cache-deps
uses: danySam/gcs-cache@v1
with:
path: ~/.dub
key: ${{ runner.os }}-dub-${{ hashFiles('**/dub.selections.json') }}
path: |
~/.npm
node_modules
key: ${{ runner.os }}-node-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-dub-
```
${{ runner.os }}-node-
gcs-bucket: my-github-cache-bucket
### Windows
- name: Install Dependencies
if: steps.cache-deps.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
run: npm ci
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ~\AppData\Local\dub
key: ${{ runner.os }}-dub-${{ hashFiles('**/dub.selections.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-dub-
- name: Build
run: npm run build
```
## Deno
### Separate Restore/Save Actions
### Linux
For more flexible control, you can use the `restore` and `save` actions separately:
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.deno
~/.cache/deno
key: ${{ runner.os }}-deno-${{ hashFiles('**/deps.ts') }}
```
name: Build with GCS Cache (Separate Restore/Save)
### macOS
on: push
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.deno
~/Library/Caches/deno
key: ${{ runner.os }}-deno-${{ hashFiles('**/deps.ts') }}
```
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
### Windows
permissions:
contents: 'read'
id-token: 'write' # Required for GCP workload identity federation
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~\.deno
~\AppData\Local\deno
key: ${{ runner.os }}-deno-${{ hashFiles('**/deps.ts') }}
```
## Elixir - Mix
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
# Set up Google Cloud authentication
- id: auth
uses: google-github-actions/auth@v2
with:
path: |
deps
_build
key: ${{ runner.os }}-mix-${{ hashFiles('**/mix.lock') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-mix-
```
credentials_json: ${{ secrets.GCP_CREDENTIALS }}
# Or use workload identity federation
## Erlang - Rebar3
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v2
- name: Restore Dependencies from Cache
id: cache-deps-restore
uses: danySam/gcs-cache/restore@v1
with:
path: |
~/.cache/rebar3
_build
key: ${{ runner.os }}-erlang-${{ env.OTP_VERSION }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*rebar.lock') }}
~/.npm
node_modules
key: ${{ runner.os }}-node-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-erlang-${{ env.OTP_VERSION }}-
```
${{ runner.os }}-node-
gcs-bucket: my-github-cache-bucket
## Go - Modules
- name: Install Dependencies
if: steps.cache-deps-restore.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
run: npm ci
### Linux
- name: Build
run: npm run build
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
- name: Save Dependencies to Cache
id: cache-deps-save
uses: danySam/gcs-cache/save@v1
with:
path: |
~/.cache/go-build
~/go/pkg/mod
key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-go-
~/.npm
node_modules
key: ${{ steps.cache-deps-restore.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
gcs-bucket: my-github-cache-bucket
```
### macOS
### Advanced GCS Cache Examples
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/Library/Caches/go-build
~/go/pkg/mod
key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-go-
```
#### Cross-Repository Caching
### Windows
Share caches across multiple repositories using the same GCS bucket:
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~\AppData\Local\go-build
~\go\pkg\mod
key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-go-
```
name: Build with Shared GCS Cache
## Haskell - Cabal
on: push
We cache the elements of the Cabal store separately, as the entirety of `~/.cabal` can grow very large for projects with many dependencies.
```yaml
- name: Cache ~/.cabal/packages, ~/.cabal/store and dist-newstyle
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.cabal/packages
~/.cabal/store
dist-newstyle
key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.ghc }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*.cabal', '**/cabal.project', '**/cabal.project.freeze') }}
restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.ghc }}-
```
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
## Haskell - Stack
permissions:
contents: 'read'
id-token: 'write'
### Linux or macOS
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
name: Cache ~/.stack
with:
path: ~/.stack
key: ${{ runner.os }}-stack-global-${{ hashFiles('stack.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('package.yaml') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-stack-global-
- uses: actions/cache@v4
name: Cache .stack-work
# Set up Google Cloud authentication
- uses: google-github-actions/auth@v2
with:
path: .stack-work
key: ${{ runner.os }}-stack-work-${{ hashFiles('stack.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('package.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*.hs') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-stack-work-
```
### Windows
credentials_json: ${{ secrets.GCP_CREDENTIALS }}
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
name: Cache %APPDATA%\stack %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\stack
with:
path: |
~\AppData\Roaming\stack
~\AppData\Local\Programs\stack
key: ${{ runner.os }}-stack-global-${{ hashFiles('stack.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('package.yaml') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-stack-global-
- uses: actions/cache@v4
name: Cache .stack-work
with:
path: .stack-work
key: ${{ runner.os }}-stack-work-${{ hashFiles('stack.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('package.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*.hs') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-stack-work-
```
## Java - Gradle
> **Note** Ensure no Gradle daemons are running anymore when your workflow completes. Creating the cache package might fail due to locks being held by Gradle. Refer to the [Gradle Daemon documentation](https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/gradle_daemon.html) on how to disable or stop the Gradle Daemons.
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
- name: Shared Cross-Repo Cache
id: shared-cache
uses: danySam/gcs-cache@v1
with:
path: |
~/.gradle/caches
~/.gradle/wrapper
key: ${{ runner.os }}-gradle-${{ hashFiles('**/*.gradle*', '**/gradle-wrapper.properties') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-gradle-
```
## Java - Maven
```yaml
- name: Cache local Maven repository
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ~/.m2/repository
key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-maven-
```
## Node - npm
For npm, cache files are stored in `~/.npm` on Posix, or `~\AppData\npm-cache` on Windows, but it's possible to use `npm config get cache` to find the path on any platform. See [the npm docs](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/cache#cache) for more details.
If using `npm config` to retrieve the cache directory, ensure you run [actions/setup-node](https://github.com/actions/setup-node) first to ensure your `npm` version is correct.
After [deprecation](https://github.blog/changelog/2022-10-11-github-actions-deprecating-save-state-and-set-output-commands/) of save-state and set-output commands, the correct way to set output is using `${GITHUB_OUTPUT}`. For linux, we can use `${GITHUB_OUTPUT}` whereas for windows we need to use `${env:GITHUB_OUTPUT}` due to two different default shells in these two different OS ie `bash` and `pwsh` respectively.
> **Note** It is not recommended to cache `node_modules`, as it can break across Node versions and won't work with `npm ci`
### **Get npm cache directory using same shell**
### Bash shell
```yaml
- name: Get npm cache directory
id: npm-cache-dir
shell: bash
run: echo "dir=$(npm config get cache)" >> ${GITHUB_OUTPUT}
```
### PWSH shell
```yaml
- name: Get npm cache directory
id: npm-cache-dir
shell: pwsh
run: echo "dir=$(npm config get cache)" >> ${env:GITHUB_OUTPUT}
```
`Get npm cache directory` step can then be used with `actions/cache` as shown below
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
id: npm-cache # use this to check for `cache-hit` ==> if: steps.npm-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
with:
path: ${{ steps.npm-cache-dir.outputs.dir }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-node-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-node-
```
## Node - Lerna
```yaml
- name: restore lerna
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: '**/node_modules'
key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/yarn.lock') }}
```
## Node - Yarn
The yarn cache directory will depend on your operating system and version of `yarn`. See https://yarnpkg.com/lang/en/docs/cli/cache/ for more info.
```yaml
- name: Get yarn cache directory path
id: yarn-cache-dir-path
run: echo "dir=$(yarn cache dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
- uses: actions/cache@v4
id: yarn-cache # use this to check for `cache-hit` (`steps.yarn-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'`)
with:
path: ${{ steps.yarn-cache-dir-path.outputs.dir }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-yarn-${{ hashFiles('**/yarn.lock') }}
key: shared-gradle-${{ hashFiles('**/*.gradle*', '**/gradle-wrapper.properties') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-yarn-
```
## Node - Yarn 2
The yarn 2 cache directory will depend on your config. See https://yarnpkg.com/configuration/yarnrc#cacheFolder for more info.
```yaml
- name: Get yarn cache directory path
id: yarn-cache-dir-path
run: echo "dir=$(yarn config get cacheFolder)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
shared-gradle-
gcs-bucket: shared-company-cache-bucket
gcs-path-prefix: gradle-cache # Optional: organize caches in the bucket
- uses: actions/cache@v4
id: yarn-cache # use this to check for `cache-hit` (`steps.yarn-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'`)
with:
path: ${{ steps.yarn-cache-dir-path.outputs.dir }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-yarn-${{ hashFiles('**/yarn.lock') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-yarn-
# Rest of your workflow
```
## OCaml/Reason - esy
Esy allows you to export built dependencies and import pre-built dependencies.
```yaml
- name: Restore Cache
id: restore-cache
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: _export
key: ${{ runner.os }}-esy-${{ hashFiles('esy.lock/index.json') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-esy-
- name: Esy install
run: 'esy install'
- name: Import Cache
run: |
esy import-dependencies _export
rm -rf _export
...(Build job)...
# Re-export dependencies if anything has changed or if it is the first time
- name: Setting dependency cache
run: |
esy export-dependencies
if: steps.restore-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
```
#### Using Workload Identity Federation (Recommended for Production)
## PHP - Composer
For production environments, Google recommends [Workload Identity Federation](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/workload-identity-federation) over service account keys for more secure authentication. This approach eliminates the need to manage long-lived service account keys:
```yaml
- name: Get Composer Cache Directory
id: composer-cache
run: |
echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ${{ steps.composer-cache.outputs.dir }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.lock') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-composer-
```
## Python - pip
For pip, the cache directory will vary by OS. See https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#caching
name: Build with GCS Cache using Workload Identity
Locations:
on: push
- Ubuntu: `~/.cache/pip`
- Windows: `~\AppData\Local\pip\Cache`
- macOS: `~/Library/Caches/pip`
### Simple example
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ~/.cache/pip
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pip-
```
Replace `~/.cache/pip` with the correct `path` if not using Ubuntu.
### Multiple OS's in a workflow
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
if: startsWith(runner.os, 'Linux')
with:
path: ~/.cache/pip
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pip-
- uses: actions/cache@v4
if: startsWith(runner.os, 'macOS')
with:
path: ~/Library/Caches/pip
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pip-
- uses: actions/cache@v4
if: startsWith(runner.os, 'Windows')
with:
path: ~\AppData\Local\pip\Cache
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pip-
```
### Multiple OS's in a workflow with a matrix
``` yaml
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
strategy:
matrix:
os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
include:
- os: ubuntu-latest
path: ~/.cache/pip
- os: macos-latest
path: ~/Library/Caches/pip
- os: windows-latest
path: ~\AppData\Local\pip\Cache
steps:
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ${{ matrix.path }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pip-
```
### Using pip to get cache location
> **Note** This requires pip 20.1+
```yaml
- name: Get pip cache dir
id: pip-cache
shell: bash
run: |
echo "dir=$(pip cache dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
- name: pip cache
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ${{ steps.pip-cache.outputs.dir }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pip-
```
## Python - pipenv
```yaml
- name: Set up Python
# The actions/cache step below uses this id to get the exact python version
id: setup-python
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
⋮
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ~/.local/share/virtualenvs
key: ${{ runner.os }}-python-${{ steps.setup-python.outputs.python-version }}-pipenv-${{ hashFiles('Pipfile.lock') }}
```
## R - renv
For renv, the cache directory will vary by OS. The `RENV_PATHS_ROOT` environment variable is used to set the cache location. Have a look at https://rstudio.github.io/renv/reference/paths.html#details for more details.
```yaml
- name: Set RENV_PATHS_ROOT
shell: bash
run: |
echo "RENV_PATHS_ROOT=${{ runner.temp }}/renv" >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Install and activate renv
run: |
install.packages("renv")
renv::activate()
shell: Rscript {0}
- name: Get R and OS version
id: get-version
run: |
cat("##[set-output name=os-version;]", sessionInfo()$running, "\n", sep = "")
cat("##[set-output name=r-version;]", R.Version()$version.string, sep = "")
shell: Rscript {0}
- name: Restore Renv package cache
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: ${{ env.RENV_PATHS_ROOT }}
key: ${{ steps.get-version.outputs.os-version }}-${{ steps.get-version.outputs.r-version }}-${{ inputs.cache-version }}-${{ hashFiles('renv.lock') }}
restore-keys: ${{ steps.get-version.outputs.os-version }}-${{ steps.get-version.outputs.r-version }}-${{inputs.cache-version }}-
```
## Ruby - Bundler
Caching gems with Bundler correctly is not trivial and just using `actions/cache`
is [not enough](https://github.com/ruby/setup-ruby#caching-bundle-install-manually).
Instead, it is recommended to use `ruby/setup-ruby`'s
[`bundler-cache: true` option](https://github.com/ruby/setup-ruby#caching-bundle-install-automatically)
whenever possible:
```yaml
- uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
with:
ruby-version: ...
bundler-cache: true
```
## Rust - Cargo
permissions:
contents: 'read'
id-token: 'write' # Required for Workload Identity Federation
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.cargo/bin/
~/.cargo/registry/index/
~/.cargo/registry/cache/
~/.cargo/git/db/
target/
key: ${{ runner.os }}-cargo-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
```
## Scala - SBT
```yaml
- name: Cache SBT
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.ivy2/cache
~/.sbt
key: ${{ runner.os }}-sbt-${{ hashFiles('**/build.sbt') }}
```
## Swift, Objective-C - Carthage
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: Carthage
key: ${{ runner.os }}-carthage-${{ hashFiles('**/Cartfile.resolved') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-carthage-
```
## Swift, Objective-C - CocoaPods
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
# Set up Google Cloud authentication with Workload Identity Federation
- id: auth
uses: google-github-actions/auth@v2
with:
path: Pods
key: ${{ runner.os }}-pods-${{ hashFiles('**/Podfile.lock') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-pods-
```
## Swift - Swift Package Manager
# The workload identity provider resource name
workload_identity_provider: projects/123456789/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools/my-pool/providers/my-provider
# The service account email address
service_account: my-service-account@my-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com
# Optional: Create credentials file for Google Cloud SDK
create_credentials_file: true
# Optional: Cleanup credentials after job completion
cleanup_credentials: true
```yaml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
- name: Cache Dependencies
id: cache-deps
uses: danySam/gcs-cache@v1
with:
path: .build
key: ${{ runner.os }}-spm-${{ hashFiles('**/Package.resolved') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-spm-
path: path/to/dependencies
key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/lockfiles') }}
gcs-bucket: my-github-cache-bucket
```
## Swift - Mint
For detailed setup instructions, see the [Google GitHub Actions Auth documentation](https://github.com/google-github-actions/auth). The basic steps include:
```yaml
env:
MINT_PATH: .mint/lib
MINT_LINK_PATH: .mint/bin
steps:
- uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: .mint
key: ${{ runner.os }}-mint-${{ hashFiles('**/Mintfile') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-mint-
```
1. Create a Workload Identity Pool and Provider in Google Cloud
2. Configure IAM permissions for your service account
3. Store configuration values in GitHub Secrets
4. Add the auth action to your workflow with proper permissions
## * - Bazel
Using Workload Identity Federation provides enhanced security since:
- No long-lived credentials need to be stored as GitHub Secrets
- Access is temporary and scoped to just the running workflow
- All access is fully auditable in Google Cloud logs
[`bazelisk`](https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazelisk) does not have be to separately downloaded and installed because it's already included in GitHub's `ubuntu-latest` and `macos-latest` base images.
## Language-Specific Caching Examples
### Linux
```yaml
- name: Cache Bazel
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
~/.cache/bazel
key: ${{ runner.os }}-bazel-${{ hashFiles('.bazelversion', '.bazelrc', 'WORKSPACE', 'WORKSPACE.bazel', 'MODULE.bazel') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-bazel-
- run: bazelisk test //...
```
### macOS
```yaml
- name: Cache Bazel
uses: actions/cache@v4
with:
path: |
/private/var/tmp/_bazel_runner/
key: ${{ runner.os }}-bazel-${{ hashFiles('.bazelversion', '.bazelrc', 'WORKSPACE', 'WORKSPACE.bazel', 'MODULE.bazel') }}
restore-keys: |
${{ runner.os }}-bazel-
- run: bazelisk test //...
```
- [Bun](#bun)
- [C# - NuGet](#c---nuget)
- [Clojure - Lein Deps](#clojure---lein-deps)
- [D - DUB](#d---dub)
- [POSIX](#posix)
- [Windows](#windows)

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